What is the recommended plasma:platelet:RBC ratio for blood transfusion?

The recommended plasma:platelet:RBC ratio for blood transfusion is 1:1:1. This ratio aims to support optimal hemostatic resuscitation, particularly in trauma patients who experience massive hemorrhage. In such cases, the coagulopathy that can occur due to a disproportionate loss of plasma and platelets relative to red blood cells is critical to address. Administering blood components in a 1:1:1 ratio helps to simultaneously replace red blood cells, which are responsible for carrying oxygen, and the clotting factors and platelets necessary for effective coagulation, thus minimizing the risk of hyperfibrinolysis and other related complications.

Other ratios may lead to an imbalance in these components, which can adversely affect a patient's ability to form clots and maintain hemostasis. For instance, a 2:1:1 ratio contains a higher volume of RBCs compared to plasma and platelets, potentially compromising the coagulation process. Choosing the correct ratio is vital for improving clinical outcomes in trauma settings.