Which condition indicates the need for endotracheal intubation during an initial burn survey?

Endotracheal intubation is indicated in cases of symptomatic inhalation injury because this condition presents a high risk for airway compromise and respiratory distress. Symptoms of inhalation injury may include stridor, respiratory distress, or decreased oxygen saturation, which can lead to airway obstruction. In such scenarios, securing the airway through intubation is crucial to prevent asphyxiation and ensure adequate ventilation.

The other conditions presented do not warrant immediate intubation. For instance, burns under 20% total body surface area (TBSA) may not pose an imminent threat to airway patency, and a stable patient with minor injuries is unlikely to require intubation unless signs of respiratory compromise develop. Additionally, the absence of facial burns does not automatically indicate a secure airway or negate the need for intubation if inhalation injury is present. Therefore, when evaluating for endotracheal intubation, the presence of symptomatic inhalation injury remains the critical determining factor.